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Tetragonula carbonaria
''Tetragonula carbonaria'' (previously known as ''Trigona carbonaria'') is a stingless bee, endemic to the north-east coast of Australia. Its common name is Sugarbag bee. The bee is known to pollinate the orchids ''Dendrobium lichenastrum'', ''D. toressae'', and ''D. speciosum''. It has been identified as an insect that collects pollen from the cycad, ''Cycas media''. They are also known for their small body size, reduced wing venation, as well as a highly developed social structure compared to honey bees.
''T. carbonaria'' forms honeycombs in their nests. The bee produces an edible honey; the whole nest is sometimes eaten by Indigenous Australians. The bees "mummify" invasive small hive beetles (''Aethina tumida'') that enter the nest by coating and immobilizing the invaders in wax, resin and mud or dirt from the nest.
==Stingless Bees==
There are 21 genera of stingless bees (Apidae family) worldwide. As the name would suggest, the stings of these bees are vestigial and useless in defence. There are about 14 species in Australia, mostly found in the tropical north.''T. carbonaria'' is one of the few exceptions, in which they are found as far south as Bega in southern New South Wales . Stingless bees and Honey bees are expected to have evolved from a common ancestor, like bumbles, which would explain their similarities in social behavior. Some of these similarities are cooperative brood care, and having different castes of queens, workers and drones. The workers are infertile females, while the drones are males.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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